Mechanized planting is the first step in mechanization of different stages of agricultural crops planting and processing. In order to evaluation different planter parameters for mechanized Canola planting, this project was conducted. Experimental treatments consisted of: Planting method with GRASS SEEDER, planting method with seed drill without cover, planting with ordinary seed drill, pneumatic planter with special press wheel, pneumatic planter with oblique press wheel. The workshop tests were conducted upon the metering system of the pneumatic planter as well as seed drill at four different forward speeds. The results indicated that metering systems of the two machines were dependent on forward speed. Field tests were conducted using randomized complete block design. The number of plants per unit area for five treatments and planting depth for seed drill treatments and pneumatic planter treatments, were significantly affected by planting methods. Field test observation indicated the equidistant distribution of seeds with the pneumatic planter treatments and optimized planting depth with the seed drill without covering mechanism.

One of the most important Factors in cereal yield is quantity of SEEDER depth which could affect on growth and crop yield. In this study, the row corn planter (TAKA) includes five planter units evaluates at three levels of SEEDER depth (5, 6 & 7 cm) and at three levels of velocity (5, 7 & 9 Km/h) from the stand points of yield component. This planter is more conventional than the others and is used by regional farmers. For evaluation of yield components like uniform surface and vertical seed distribution, percentage and velocity of emergence, used to factorial statistical design with tree replicate and averages of treatments evaluate by Duncan test.Analysis of the vertical seed distribution and the percentage of emergence showed no significant difference. Analysis of the horizontal seed distribution, from the stand point of SEEDER depth showed no significant difference but from velocity factors was significant, so the maximum value of horizontal index was for treatments to velocity of 7 Km/h. Difference of the treatments from the stand points of percentage of emergence, at level of 5% was significant. The analysis of Duncan test showed the treatments to velocity of 7 Km/h and depth of 6 cm were the maximum value of percentage of emergence and the treatments to velocity of 9 Km/h and depth of 6 cm were the minimum value of percentage of emergence. Accordingly, the most adequate of working velocity and depth of corn planter is proposed 7 Km/h and 6cm, respectively.

Transplantation is one of the most effective ways to increase economic efficiency of some agricultural products like rice and vegetables. The aim of this study was to design, construct and evaluate a simple and inexpensive SEEDER for fast and accurate seeding in transplant trays. Modeling was performed using CATIA software. The prototype consists of a cylindrical vacuum distributor with holes of 1 and 2 mm diameters, pressure brake mechanism, the cam & forwarding mechanism for pushing tray step by step, and a power transmission mechanism (consisting of the sprocket and belt). To evaluate the machine and determine the optimum conditions, average operating errors including none-planting and multiple-planting errors were obtained for two kinds of seeds (cucumber and lentil). A factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design was applied. Independent variables were the diameter of holes (1 and 2 mm) and pressure (-8 and-15 kpa for cucumber and-7 and-13 KPa for lentils). The results showed that the better performance was achieved under higher vacuum condition and smaller diameter. The optimum condition was obtained at diameter of 1 mm and pressure of-15 and-13 KPa for the seeds of cucumber and lentil, respectively. The optimal capacity was 240 trays (25200 seed) per hour and an average of none-planting and multiple-planting errors were 19. 1% and 8. 9%, 16. 13% and 7. 81% for the seeds of cucumber and lentil, respectively.

One of the important factors in all stages of mechanization from crop production to processing is Mechanized planting and in case a precision planting machine is used to place the seeds without scattering, at regular intervals along the row and in suitable condition, the excess consumption of inputs namely, seed, water, fertilizer and spray could be avoided. Also, cultivation and harvesting operations can be performed, easily, mechanically in less time and better quality and fewer cost. Regarding the growing trend towards canola production in the country, a precision drilling machine with precision metering and depth adjustment systems was constructed to be able to distribute single seeds evenly, along the row. The workshop tests were conducted upon the metering system of the designed precision drilling machine as well as locally available drilling machines constructed in Iran at four different travel speeds. The results indicated that precision drilling machine operated independent of speed and vibration didn't have any effect on the performance of metering system. Field tests were conducted for two planter (precision drilling machine and conventional drills) and two types of seedbed (mould board plow + disc + land leveler, mould board plow + rotivator ) using factorial experiment on the basis of randomized complete block design. Two types of planters were significantly different in terms of emergence number indices. Field test evaluation indicated that equidistant distribution of seeds was achieved and seed scattering in precision drilling machine was satisfactory.      

Cumin in Khorasan is one of the important plants using in medicine and export to the other countries. Due to this importance, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different planting methods in dry and wet planting on cumin for two years in Mashhad. Split block design in randomized complete block design was used for this study. Horizontal factors were: a) wet planting b) dry planting. Vertical factors were a) drill planting with Barzgar Hamedan SEEDER b) planting with alfalfa SEEDER (GRASS SEEDER) c) conventional planting (seed broadcasting by hand+ land leveler). The measured parameters were: number of umbrella in plant, number of seed in umbrella, number of seed in plant, 1000 seed weight and yield (Kg/ha). It was concluded that interaction effect of planting methods and wet and dry planting had significant difference on number of seed in plant in 5% probability area. In addition planting methods had significant effect on yield in first year. In second year, planting methods had significant difference on number of seeds in plant and yield .All means amounts were compared using Duncan' s multiple range test, it showed that, cumin yield by alfalfa SEEDER, by drill planting and conventional planting (broadcast seeding) in wet planting was obtained 505.3, 523 and 448.3 Kg/ha in first year and 632, 6349 and 558.67 Kg/ha in second years. Results indicated that drill planting with Barzgar Hamedan SEEDER had the most promising performance and produced the highest yield.  

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of soil moisture and tillage and sowing machinery on yield and yield components of wheat in the saline soils of Mahshahr, Iran. The experiment was carried out as a split-plot according to a randomized complete block design with three replications. Independent variables included soil moisture during tillage at three levels of 10%, 15%, and 20% as the main factor. Sub-factor included the type of tillage and sowing machinery at four levels including 1) without the use of chisel-piler and sowing with flat SEEDER machine, 2) without the use of chisel-piler and sowing with furrow SEEDER machine, 3) one time use of chisel-piler to a depth of 20 cm and sowing with flat SEEDER machine, and 4) one time use of chisel-piler to a depth of 20 cm and sowing with furrow SEEDER machine. In order to prepare the land, irrigation was done before tillage according to the region's customs to reduce the tensile strength of the soil against tillage machines. After the soil moisture was suitable according to the main factors, the tillage was done with a 24-bladed disk machine once to a depth of 15 cm. The maximum clod weight was obtained in the condition of not using a chisel-piler and soil moisture of 20%, and the lowest was obtained in using a chisel-piler and soil moisture of 10%. The maximum number of tiller/plant, number of spikes/m2, number of spikelet/spike, number of grain/spike, number of grain/spikelet, biological yield, and grain yield was under using chisel-piler and sowing with furrow SEEDER machine with 20% soil moisture, and the lowest in the treatment with no chisel-piler and sowing with flat SEEDER machine. In general, the results showed that the use of chisel-piler and sowing with furrow SEEDER machine under 20% soil moisture had the best results in terms of grain formation and yield in saline soils, which can be suggested to reduce the effects of salinity.

In dry clay soils, farmers irrigate the farm before tillage(pre-planting irrigation or PI) to reduce the soil resistance then tilling when the soil moisture sufficiently reduced for machine traffic. In this experiment, Five tillage-planting methods included direct drilling or seeding without PI(T1), tilling with disk harrow (one pass) before direct seeding without PI(T2), direct seeding at field capacity condition of soil after PI(T3), direct seeding at high soil moisture condition after PI(T4), tilling with disk harrow (two passes), leveling, and seeding with traditional SEEDER(controlT5) were compared in a randomized complete block design with three replications in terms of fuel consumption, operation time, plant number per square meter, number of weeds and grain yield of wheat. Results showed that T5and T4 with a grain yield of 5287 and 5168 kg/ha, were superior to other treatments. The highest number of weeds obtained in T3 with 42. 34 m-2, while in T5, most of the weed controlled by disposing of the disk and decreased to 7. 33 m-2. Finally, in the presence of enough water and time for PI T4 was better than T5 and recommended due to the lack of first irrigation and germination of wheat seeds with moisture in the soil, reduced fuel consumption from 34. 11 to 11. 35 lit/ha and reduce time required for tillage-planting operation from 2. 91 to 0. 40 h/ha compared to the control. Otherwise, T2 with grain yield of 4734 kg/ha is recommended, due to 30% reduction in fuel consumption and a reduction of 57% in time required than the control.

Introduction: Researchers frequently include multiple cultivars and fertility levels in field experiments. Therefore, the experiments sowing operation must represent a considerable saving in time and labor, compared to hand sowing. Greater flexibility in experimental design and setup could be achieved by equipment that enables quick changes in the cultivar and fertilizer rates from one plot to the next. …